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      vue拦截器
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<h2 id="什么是vue拦截器？"><a href="#什么是vue拦截器？" class="headerlink" title="什么是vue拦截器？"></a>什么是vue拦截器？</h2><h3 id="在使用之前，先简单了解一下什么是vue的拦截器"><a href="#在使用之前，先简单了解一下什么是vue的拦截器" class="headerlink" title="在使用之前，先简单了解一下什么是vue的拦截器"></a>在使用之前，先简单了解一下什么是vue的拦截器</h3><p>vue拦截器分为<strong>请求拦截器</strong>和<strong>响应拦截器</strong>, 是为了统一处理http的请求与响应。<br>可以在一些请求或响应之前进行拦截并进行一些额外的操作。这样可以对request或response的数据更好的重复利用。<br>好处是可以有效节省代码的重复性，使其使用更加方便。</p>
<hr>
<p>如果没有安装axios请先安装axios</p>
<p>安装指令</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install axios</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>npm安装一般是使用国外的镜像下载，也可以使用国内镜像来下载，速度会更快，如果没有先下载</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">npm install -g cnpm --registry&#x3D;https:&#x2F;&#x2F;registry.npm.taobao.org</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>使用国内镜像执行命令安装axios</p>
<figure class="highlight plain"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line">cnpm install axios</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<p>然后在拦截器中导入axios</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">import</span> Axios <span class="keyword">from</span> <span class="string">&#x27;axios&#x27;</span></span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h2 id="vue拦截器的分类"><a href="#vue拦截器的分类" class="headerlink" title="vue拦截器的分类"></a>vue拦截器的分类</h2><h4 id="请求拦截器"><a href="#请求拦截器" class="headerlink" title="请求拦截器"></a>请求拦截器</h4><hr>
<p>例如：有多次需要传递的token令牌，可以通过请求拦截器来逐一配置，防止多次重写，提高代码的复用率。<br>请求拦截器多用于用户的一些登录操作，这时需要获取用户token来验证身份，保持认证，如果每次重复写token重复率会很高，<br>为了解决这种问题，vue提供了一种拦截器来逐一处理token。</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br><span class="line">11</span><br><span class="line">12</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 请求拦截器(在请求前会自动去做的操作)，如果登陆了，那么自动带token发送</span></span><br><span class="line">axios.interceptors.request.use(<span class="function"><span class="params">config</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//将token逐一封装在请求拦截器中</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">let</span> token = <span class="built_in">localStorage</span>.getItem(<span class="string">&#x27;token&#x27;</span>);</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">//判断token是否存在</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">if</span> (token) &#123;</span><br><span class="line">            config.headers.common[<span class="string">&#x27;Authorization&#x27;</span>] = <span class="string">&quot;JWT &quot;</span> + token <span class="comment">// 头部设置与token</span></span><br><span class="line">        &#125;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> config;      <span class="comment">//返回携带token正确的部分</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;, <span class="function"><span class="params">error</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="built_in">Promise</span>.reject(error);   <span class="comment">//返回错误信息</span></span><br><span class="line">    &#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<hr>
<h4 id="响应拦截器"><a href="#响应拦截器" class="headerlink" title="响应拦截器"></a>响应拦截器</h4><p>响应拦截器就是在你在响应时自动会做的操作，比如你没有进行登录身份认证，响应拦截器会自动将你的页面跳转到登录页面。</p>
<figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br><span class="line">2</span><br><span class="line">3</span><br><span class="line">4</span><br><span class="line">5</span><br><span class="line">6</span><br><span class="line">7</span><br><span class="line">8</span><br><span class="line">9</span><br><span class="line">10</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="comment">// 响应拦截器，比如状态码返回为401时(身份认证不通过时)，要进入login界面</span></span><br><span class="line">axios.interceptors.response.use(<span class="function"><span class="params">response</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">if</span>(response.code==<span class="number">200</span>)&#123;</span><br><span class="line">        <span class="comment">// 状态码返回200时，返回对象</span></span><br><span class="line">        <span class="keyword">return</span> response;</span><br><span class="line">    &#125;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;, <span class="function"><span class="params">error</span> =&gt;</span> &#123;</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="built_in">this</span>.$router.push(<span class="string">&#x27;/login&#x27;</span>)</span><br><span class="line">    <span class="keyword">return</span> response.errors;</span><br><span class="line">&#125;);</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>
<h5 id="最后别忘了导出axios拦截器"><a href="#最后别忘了导出axios拦截器" class="headerlink" title="最后别忘了导出axios拦截器"></a>最后别忘了导出axios拦截器</h5><figure class="highlight js"><table><tr><td class="gutter"><pre><span class="line">1</span><br></pre></td><td class="code"><pre><span class="line"><span class="keyword">export</span> <span class="keyword">default</span> axios</span><br></pre></td></tr></table></figure>





      
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